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5. Ukhuseleko lwebhetri yeLiFePO4

LiFePO₄ Ukhuseleko lwebhetri

Iibhetri eziSekwe kwiLithium zikhawuleza ukuba zithathe indawo yetekhnoloji yeminyaka eyi-150 yeebhetri zeLead-Acid.

Ngenxa yokungazinzi kwe-lithium yensimbi, uphando lutshintshelwe kwi-non-metallic lithium ibhetri usebenzisa i-ion ze-lithium. Nangona iphantsi kancinci kuxinano lwamandla, inkqubo ye-lithium-ion ikhuselekile, ukubonelela ngezilumkiso ezithile kuhlangatyezwana nazo xa utshaja kwaye ukhutshwa. Namhlanje, i-lithium-ion yenye yezona khemistri ziphumelele kwaye zikhuselekile. Iiseli ezimbini zeebhiliyoni zeeseli ziveliswa minyaka le.

I-LiFePO4 (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-Lithium Iron Phosphate) iibhetri ziphuculo olukhulu ngaphezu kwe-asidi ekhokelela kubunzima, umthamo kunye nobomi beshelufu. Iibhetri zeLiFePO4 lolona hlobo lukhuselekileyo lweebhetri zeLithium njengoko zingayi kutshisa ngokugqithisileyo, kwaye nokuba zigqobhoziwe aziyi kutsha. Izinto ze-cathode kwiibhetri ze-LiFePO4 azikho yingozi, kwaye ke azifaki iingozi zempilo ezimbi okanye iingozi zendalo. Ngenxa yeoksijini ebotshelelwe ngokuqinileyo kwimolekyuli, akukho ngozi yokugqabhuka kwebhetri ibe ngamadangatye njengoko kukho neLithium-Ion. I-chemistry izinzile kangangokuba iibhetri ze-LiFePO4 ziya kwamkela intlawulo kwi-lead-acid emiselweyo yetshaja yebhetri. Nangona amandla angaphantsi kwamandla kuneLithium-Ion kunye neLithium Polymer, i-Iron nePhosphate zininzi kwaye zitshiphu ukukhupha ngoko ke iindleko zisengqiqweni ngakumbi. Ubomi obulindelekileyo beLiFePO4 bumalunga ne-8-10 yeminyaka.

Iibhetri zeLithium-Ion kunye neebhetri zeLithium Polymer zezona zinamandla axineneyo kwiibhetri zeLithium, kodwa zisilela ngokhuseleko. Olona hlobo luqhelekileyo lweLithium-Ion yiLiCoO2, okanye iLithium Cobalt Oxide. Kule khemistri, i-oksijini ayibophekanga kakhulu kwi-cobalt, ngoko ke xa ibhetri ishushu, njengokutshaja ngokukhawuleza okanye ukukhupha, okanye ukusetyenziswa okunzima nje, ibhetri inokubamba umlilo. Oku kunokuba yintlekele ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu njengeenqwelomoya, okanye kwizicelo ezinkulu ezifana nezithuthi zombane. Ukunceda ukuchasana nale ngxaki, izixhobo ezisebenzisa iibhetri zeLithium-Ion kunye neLithium Polymer kufuneka zibe nobuntununtunu obugqithisileyo kwaye zihlala zixabisa i-elektroniki ukuzijonga. Ngelixa iibhetri zeLithium Ion zinoxinzelelo olukhulu lwamandla, emva konyaka omnye wokusetyenziswa amandla eLithium Ion aya kuwa kakhulu kangangokuba iLiFePO4 iya kuba namandla afanayo, kwaye emva kweminyaka emibini iLiFePO4 iya kuba namandla amakhulu kakhulu. Enye into engalunganga kwezi ntlobo kukuba i-Cobalt inokuba yingozi, iphakamisa zombini iinkxalabo zempilo kunye neendleko zokulahla indalo. Ubomi obuqikelelweyo bebhetri yeLithium-Ion bumalunga neminyaka emi-3 ukusuka kwimveliso.

I-Lead Acid bubuchwephesha obuvunyiweyo kwaye inokungabizi mali ininzi. Ngenxa yoku zisasetyenziswa kuninzi lwezicelo zezithuthi zombane kunye nokuqaliswa kwezicelo. Ekubeni umthamo, ubunzima, ukushisa okusebenzayo kunye nokunciphisa i-CO2 zizinto ezinkulu kwizicelo ezininzi, iibhetri ze-LiFePO4 zikhawuleza zibe ngumgangatho woshishino. Nangona ixabiso lokuqala lokuthenga le-LiFePO4 liphezulu kune-asidi ekhokelayo, ubomi bomjikelo obude bunokwenza kube lukhetho olulungileyo lwezemali.

I-Lead Acid bubuchwephesha obuvunyiweyo kwaye inokungabizi mali ininzi. Ngenxa yoku zisasetyenziswa kuninzi lwezicelo zezithuthi zombane kunye nokuqaliswa kwezicelo. Ekubeni umthamo, ubunzima, ukushisa okusebenzayo kunye nokunciphisa i-CO2 zizinto ezinkulu kwizicelo ezininzi, iibhetri ze-LiFePO4 zikhawuleza zibe ngumgangatho woshishino. Nangona ixabiso lokuqala lokuthenga le-LiFePO4 liphezulu kune-asidi ekhokelayo, ubomi bomjikelo obude bunokwenza kube lukhetho olulungileyo lwezemali.

Itekhnoloji yebhetri yeLithium isentsha noko. Njengoko le teknoloji iqhubela phambili, ukuphuculwa okufana neenkqubo zokulawula ibhetri ezidibeneyo (i-BMS) kunye neekhemistri zangaphakathi ezizinzile ziye zaphumela kwiibhetri ze-lithium ezikhuselekileyo kunezo zihamba kunye ne-lead-acid kunye nokubonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi.

Eyona bhetri yeLithium iKhuselekileyo: i LiFePO4
Njengoko sichazile ngaphambili, ukhetho oludumileyo kwiibhetri ze-lithium RV yi-lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) ibhetri. Iibhetri ze-LiFePO4 zinoxinano lwamandla olusezantsi kuneebhetri ze-Li-ion, ezikhokelela ekubeni zizinze ngakumbi kwaye zizenze zibe yeyona ndlela ibalaseleyo yezicelo zeRV.

Enye inzuzo yokhuseleko ye-LiFePO4 kukuba i-lithium iron phosphate ayinayo inetyhefu. Ngoko ke, unokulahla ngokulula ngakumbi kuneebhetri ze-lead-acid kunye ne-Li-ion.

Ubomi Obude
Abanye abantu babhaka kwithegi yexabiso eliphambili kwibhetri ye-lithium, enokufikelela ngokulula kwi-1,000 yeedola nganye. Nangona kunjalo, iibhetri ze-lithium zingahlala ukuya kuthi ga kalishumi ubude kunebhetri ye-lead-asidi eqhelekileyo ehlala ikhokelela kukongiwa kweendleko ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ikhuselekile kuneLead Acid okanye iAGM
Nangona uninzi lweebhetri ze-lead-asidi okanye i-AGM zitywinwe ukuphucula ukhuseleko lwazo, azikanikezeli izinto ezininzi zokhuseleko ezenziwa ziibhetri ze-lithium.

Iibhetri zeLithium zihlala zinenkqubo edibeneyo yokulawula ibhetri (BMS) ebanceda ukuba bahlawule kwaye basebenze ngokufanelekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo. Iibhetri ze-lead-asidi zisesichengeni sokonakala kunye nokutshisa ngokugqithisileyo xa zihlawuliswa kwaye zikhutshwa kodwa azinayo i-BMS yokuzikhusela.

Ukongeza, iibhetri zeLiFePO4 zenziwe ngezinto ezingezizo ityhefu ezimelana nokubaleka kwe-thermal. Oku kongeza kungekuphela nje ukhuseleko olwandisiweyo lomsebenzisi kodwa nokusingqongileyo.

Umthamo webhetri ngaphezulu
Enye inzuzo kwiibhetri ze-lithium kukuba zinamandla amakhulu okusetyenziswa xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ze-lead-asidi.

Ungakhupha ngokukhuselekileyo kuphela ibhetri eneasidi ekhokelayo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50% yomthamo wayo wokulinganisa phambi kokuba uqale ukonakalisa ibhetri. Oko kuthetha ukuba ukuba ibhetri ye-lead-asidi ilinganiswe kwiiyure ze-100 amp-iyure, unakho kuphela malunga ne-50 amp-iiyure zamandla asebenzisekayo ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukonakalisa ibhetri. Oku kunciphisa umthamo wayo wexesha elizayo kunye nobomi.

Ngokwahlukileyo, unokukhupha ibhetri ye-lithium phantse ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kokubangela umonakalo. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaninzi abazinciphisi ngaphantsi kwe-20% phambi kokuba batshaje kwakhona. Nokuba ulandela lo mgaqo wogcino wesithupha, ibhetri ye-lithium ye-100 amp-yure ibonelela malunga ne-80 amp-iiyure ngaphambi kokuba ifune ukutshajwa.

Ulondolozo oluncinci
Iimonitha ze-BMS ezidityanisiweyo kwaye zinceda ukugcina ibhetri yakho ye-lithium, ukuphelisa imfuneko yokwenza oku ngokwakho.

I-BMS iqinisekisa ukuba ibhetri ayigcwaliswanga kakhulu, ibala ubume bebhetri, ijonga kwaye ilawule ubushushu, kwaye ijonge impilo kunye nokhuseleko lweebhetri.

Ubunzima obungaphantsi
Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokuba iibhetri ze-lithium zinokunciphisa ubunzima benkqubo yebhetri yakho.

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, iibhetri ze-lithium zinomthamo osebenzisekayo ngakumbi kuneebhetri ze-lead-asidi. Oku kuya kukuvumela ukuba ufune iibhetri ezimbalwa ze-lithium kwinkqubo yakho ukufezekisa umthamo ofanayo njengenkqubo ye-lead-asidi. Ukongezelela, ibhetri ye-lithium iya kuba nobunzima malunga nesiqingatha njengebhetri ye-lead-acid enomthamo ofanayo.

Ngakumbi ngokufanelekileyo
Njengoko kukhankanyiwe, iibhetri ze-lithium zisebenza ngakumbi kuneebhetri ze-lead-acid. Nokuba inomthamo ofanayo wokulinganisa, iibhetri ze-lithium zinika amandla asebenzisekayo ngakumbi. Zikwakhupha ngesantya esizinze ngakumbi kuneebhetri ze-lead-asidi.

Oku kukuvumela ukuba usebenze ixesha elide ngaphandle kokuphinda utshaje iibhetri zakho, eziluncedo ngakumbi xa ubhuqa kwaye ikuvumela ukuba unciphise ukusetyenziswa kwejeneretha kwaye ukwandise amandla akho elanga.

Ixabiso eliphantsi Lilonke
Ngelixa iibhetri ze-lithium ekuqaleni zibiza ngaphezulu kwe-lead-acid, into yokuba zihlala amaxesha angama-6-10 ixesha elide kuthetha ukuba ekugqibeleni uya kugcina imali ekuhambeni kwexesha.

I-JB BATTERY yingcali, enamava atyebileyo, kunye neqela elinamandla lobuchwephesha labavelisi bebhetri ye-lifepo4, edibanisa iseli + yolawulo lwe-BMS + Uyilo lwesakhiwo sePakethe kunye nokwenza ngokwezifiso. Sijolise ekuphuhliseni kunye nokuveliswa kwesiko kweebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate.